Providing communications between a vehicle control device and a user device via a head unit

ABSTRACT

A vehicle head unit may receive a request, from a user device and by the head unit, to establish communication with a control device of a vehicle. The control device may be in communication with the head unit via a vehicle communication network associated with the vehicle. The head unit may establish communication between the user device and the control device based on the received request. The head unit may forward a message between the user device and the control device based on the established communication. The message may be forwarded between the user device and the control device via the head unit.

BACKGROUND

A telematics device may interface with a vehicle communication bus(e.g., a controller area network (CAN) bus) via an on-board diagnosticsII (OBD-II) port. The OBD-II port may be located under the vehicledashboard so as to provide access to maintenance technicians.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an overview of an example implementationdescribed herein;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example environment in which systems and/ormethods described herein may be implemented;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of example components of one or more devices of FIG.2;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example process for providing communicationbetween a user device and a control device via a head unit;

FIGS. 5A-5E are diagrams of an example implementation relating to theexample process shown in FIG. 4; and

FIG. 6 is a diagram of an example call flow for providing communicationbetween a user device and a control device via a head unit.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The following detailed description of example implementations refers tothe accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in differentdrawings may identify the same or similar elements.

A vehicle (e.g., an automobile) may include self-diagnostic and/orreporting capabilities. The vehicle may include a vehicle communicationnetwork (e.g., a controller area network (CAN) bus) through which one ormore control devices may provide and/or receive information. A controldevice may include a sensor device (e.g., an engine temperature sensor,a window position sensor, an alarm activation sensor, etc.), acontroller device (e.g., an engine control unit, a transmission controlunit, a head unit, etc.), or the like. A telematics device may interfacewith a control device associated with the vehicle communication networkvia an OBD-II port. The OBD-II port may be located under the dashboardto facilitate use by a technician, such as during maintenance,diagnostics, emissions testing, or the like. However, the OBD-II portlocation may be difficult for a driver to access, and may conflict withoperation of a vehicle pedal (e.g., a clutch pedal, a brake pedal, athrottle, etc.).

A telematics device typically communicates with an engine control module(ECM) or an engine control unit (ECU), which communicates with variousother modules, sensors, control devices, or the like, in the vehiclethat are coupled to the vehicle's communication bus. However, thetelematics device may also communicate directly with the variousmodules, sensors, control devices, or other devices coupled to thecommunication bus of the vehicle. Implementations described herein mayassist, or replace, the telematics device in interfacing with the one ormore control devices by using a user device (e.g., a smart phone) toconfigure a head unit to provide the user device with access to thevehicle communication network (e.g., the communication bus). The userdevice that interfaces with the vehicle's communication bus via the headunit may communicate with the ECM and/or the ECU, in someimplementations. Additionally, or alternatively, the user device maycommunicate directly with a particular module, sensor, control device,and/or system of the vehicle, in some implementations.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an overview of an example implementation 100described herein. Example implementation 100 may include a head unit, avehicle communication network that includes a communication bus, a userdevice, one or more control devices, a telematics monitoring device, anda network. Functionality included in the user device, which maywirelessly couple to the vehicle's communication bus via a short rangewireless link to the vehicle's head unit, may replace a telematicsdevice that connects to the communication bus via a diagnosticconnector, such as, for example, an OBD-II port.

As shown in FIG. 1, the head unit may be connected to the vehiclecommunication network, such as for controlling a speaker system,operating an air conditioning system, or the like. The user device(e.g., a smart phone) may connect to the head unit via a connectioninterface (e.g., a Bluetooth connection interface, a personal areanetwork (PAN) connection interface, a wireless local area network (WLAN)connection interface, a universal serial bus (USB) connection interface,etc.). The head unit may be configured to determine a communicationprotocol associated with the vehicle communication network (e.g., amessage-based protocol, such as a CAN bus protocol, a pulse-widthmodulation protocol, a variable pulse-width protocol, or the like). Thehead unit may configure a parameter (e.g., a protocol converterparameter), based on the communication protocol, to establishcommunication between the user device and the vehicle communicationnetwork.

As further shown in FIG. 1, the head unit may forward messages, such ascommands, requests for information, parameter identifier (PID) messages(e.g., PID request messages), or the like, between the user device andthe one or more control devices connected to the vehicle communicationnetwork. The user device may communicate with the telematics monitoringdevice (e.g., via the network), and may provide information associatedthe one or more control devices (e.g., state information, accessibilityinformation, etc.). The telematics monitoring device may provideinformation to the user device, such as control device updateinformation, configuration information, or the like, and the user devicemay use the provided information to adjust the one or more controldevices. In this way, a head unit may facilitate communication between auser device and a control device, connected to a vehicle communicationnetwork, using a connection between the head unit and the vehiclecommunication network.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example environment 200 in which systemsand/or methods described herein may be implemented. As shown in FIG. 2,environment 200 may include control devices 210-1 through 210-N (N≧1)(hereinafter referred to collectively as “control devices 210,” andindividually as “control device 210”), a vehicle communication network(VCN) 220, a head unit 230, a user device 240, a network 250, and atelematics monitoring device 260. Devices of environment 200 mayinterconnect via wired connections, wireless connections, or acombination of wired and wireless connections.

Control device 210 may include one or more devices capable of receiving,generating, processing, storing, and/or providing information associatedwith a state of a vehicle component. For example, control device 210 mayinclude an electronic control unit (e.g., an airbag control unit (ACU),a body control module (BCU), an engine control unit (ECU), an enginecontrol module (ECM), etc.), a sensor (e.g., an occupant sensing system,a seatbelt buckle sensor, an autonomous cruise control sensor, a fuelpressure sensor, an engine temperature sensor, a tire pressure sensor,etc.), a supplementary vehicle instrumentation device (e.g., a tripcomputer, a carputer, a navigation unit, etc.), or the like. In someimplementations, control device 210 may include a communication devicecapable of receiving information from and/or providing information touser device 240 via VCN 220.

VCN 220 may include one or more wired and/or wireless networks. Forexample, VCN 220 may include a controller area network (CAN) that allowshead unit 230 to communicate with one or more controls devices 210,and/or that allows a particular control device 210 to communicate withone or more other control devices. In some implementations, VCN 220 mayinclude a vehicle bus. In some implementations, VCN 220 may operateusing a message-based protocol network, such as a Society of AutomotiveEngineers (SAE) J1850 pulse-width modulation (PWM) protocol network, anSAE J1850 variable pulse-width (VPW) protocol network, an InternationalStandards Organization (ISO) 914102 protocol network, an ISO 14230Keyword Protocol 2000 (KWP2000) network, an ISO 15765 CAN protocolnetwork (e.g., a CAN bus network), an SAE J1979 protocol network, or thelike. In some implementations, VCN 220 may facilitate the transfer ofdiagnostic information associated with one or more control devices 210.In some implementations, VCN 220 may include head unit 230, which may beconnected to one or more control devices 210 via a vehicle bus.

Head unit 230 may include one or more devices capable of receiving,generating, processing, storing, and/or providing information associatedwith providing communication between VCN 220 and user device 240. Forexample, head unit 230 may include a receiver, a car audio system (e.g.,a stereo system), a vehicle entertainment system (e.g., combining caraudio, navigation, etc.), a BCU (e.g., an air conditioning systemcontrol unit), a vehicle control unit (e.g., controlling one or morevehicle systems, such as a door security system, a window operationsystem, or the like), a secondary instrument panel system (e.g., asystem that provides warning information, odometer information, etc.),or the like. In some implementations, head unit 230 may include acommunication device capable of providing communication between userdevice 240 (e.g., via a communication interface) and control device 210(e.g., via VCN 220). In some implementations, head unit 230 may includeone or more connection interfaces, such as a VCN connection interface(e.g., a wired connection to VCN 220, a wireless connection to VCN 220,etc.) and/or a user device connection interface (e.g., a wiredconnection to user device 240, such as a USB connection, a micro-USBconnection, or the like; a wireless connection to user device 240, suchas a Wi-Fi connection, a WLAN connection, a Bluetooth connection, aPersonal Area Network (PAN) connection, a Near Field Communication (NFC)connection, or the like; etc.). In some implementations, head unit 230may include a display.

User device 240 may include one or more devices capable of receiving,generating, processing, storing, and/or providing messaging associatedwith control device 210 (e.g., transmitted and/or received via head unit230). For example, user device 240 may include a mobile phone (e.g., asmart phone), a radiotelephone, a personal communications system (PCS)terminal (e.g., that may combine a cellular radiotelephone with dataprocessing and data communications capabilities), a personal digitalassistant (PDA) (e.g., that may include a radiotelephone, a pager,Internet/intranet access, etc.), a computer (e.g., a laptop computer, atablet computer, etc.), or a similar type of device. In someimplementations, user device 240 may include one or more applicationsassociated with configuring head unit 230 to forward messages betweenuser device 240 and control device 210. In some implementations, userdevice 240 may include one or more applications associated withproviding a message (e.g., a request for information message, a controlmessage, a system update message, etc.) to and/or receiving a messagefrom control device 210 (e.g., via head unit 230). In someimplementations, user device 240 may include one or more applicationsassociated with providing a message to and/or receiving a message fromtelematics monitoring device 260 (e.g., via network 250).

Network 250 may include one or more wired and/or wireless networks. Forexample, network 250 may include a cellular network (e.g., a long termevolution (LTE) network, a code division multiple access (CDMA) network,etc.), a public land mobile network (PLMN), a Wi-Fi network, a localarea network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan areanetwork (MAN), a telephone network (e.g., the Public Switched TelephoneNetwork (PSTN)), an ad hoc network, an intranet, the Internet, a fiberoptic-based network, and/or a combination of these or other types ofnetworks. In some implementations, user device 240 may provideinformation to and/or receive information from telematics monitoringdevice 260 via network 250.

Telematics monitoring device 260 may include one or devices capable ofreceiving, generating, processing, storing, and/or providing informationassociated with control device 210. For example, telematics monitoringdevice 260 may include a server (e.g., a remote update server, a controlserver, a cloud update server, or another server that is remote from thevehicle and that monitors data, information, messages, voice calls, etc.to and/or from the vehicle, or the like) capable of receivinginformation from and/or providing information to user device 240 (e.g.,via network 250). In some implementations, telematics monitoring device260 may store information gathered by control device 210 (e.g., providedvia user device 240). In some implementations, telematics monitoringdevice 260 may provide information associated with configuring head unit230 and/or control device 210.

The number of devices and networks shown in FIG. 2 is provided as anexample. In practice, there may be additional devices and/or networks,fewer devices and/or networks, different devices and/or networks, ordifferently arranged devices and/or networks than those shown in FIG. 2.Furthermore, two or more devices shown in FIG. 2 may be implementedwithin a single device, or a single device shown in FIG. 2 may beimplemented as multiple, distributed devices. Additionally, one or moreof the devices of environment 200 may perform one or more functionsdescribed as being performed by another one or more devices ofenvironment 200.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of example components of a device 300. Device 300may correspond to control device 210, head unit 230, user device 240,and/or telematics monitoring device 260. In some implementations, eachof control device 210, head unit 230, user device 240, and/or telematicsmonitoring device 260 may include one or more devices 300 and/or one ormore components of device 300. As shown in FIG. 3, device 300 mayinclude a bus 310, a processor 320, a memory 330, an input component340, an output component 350, and a communication interface 360.

Bus 310 may include a component that permits communication among thecomponents of device 300. Processor 320 may include a processor (e.g., acentral processing unit, a graphics processing unit, an acceleratedprocessing unit), a microprocessor, and/or any processing component(e.g., a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), etc.) that interprets and/or executesinstructions. Memory 330 may include a random access memory (RAM), aread only memory (ROM), and/or another type of dynamic or static storagedevice (e.g., a flash, magnetic, or optical memory) that storesinformation and/or instructions for use by processor 320.

Input component 340 may include a component that permits a user to inputinformation to device 300 (e.g., a touch screen display, a keyboard, akeypad, a mouse, a button, a switch, etc.). Output component 350 mayinclude a component that outputs information from device 300 (e.g., adisplay, a speaker, one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs), etc.).

Communication interface 360 may include a transceiver-like component,such as a transceiver and/or a separate receiver and transmitter, thatenables device 300 to communicate with other devices, such as via awired connection, a wireless connection, or a combination of wired andwireless connections. For example, communication interface 360 mayinclude an Ethernet interface, an optical interface, a coaxialinterface, an infrared interface, a radio frequency (RF) interface, auniversal serial bus (USB) interface, a Wi-Fi interface, a cellularnetwork interface, or the like.

Device 300 may perform one or more processes described herein. Device300 may perform these processes in response to processor 320 executingsoftware instructions included in a computer-readable medium, such asmemory 330. A computer-readable medium may be defined as anon-transitory memory device. A memory device may include memory spacewithin a single physical storage device or memory space spread acrossmultiple physical storage devices.

Software instructions may be read into memory 330 from anothercomputer-readable medium or from another device via communicationinterface 360. When executed, software instructions stored in memory 330may cause processor 320 to perform one or more processes describedherein. Additionally, or alternatively, hardwired circuitry may be usedin place of or in combination with software instructions to perform oneor more processes described herein. Thus, implementations describedherein are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitryand software.

The number of components shown in FIG. 3 is provided as an example. Inpractice, device 300 may include additional components, fewercomponents, different components, or differently arranged componentsthan those shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example process 400 for providingcommunication between a user device and a vehicle control device via ahead unit. In some implementations, one or more process blocks of FIG. 4may be performed by head unit 230. Additionally, or alternatively, oneor more process blocks of FIG. 4 may be performed by another device or agroup of devices separate from or including head unit 230, such ascontrol device 210, user device 240, and/or telematics monitoring device260.

As shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include receiving a request from auser device to establish communication with a control device associatedwith a vehicle communication network (block 410). For example, head unit230 may receive, from user device 240, a request to establishcommunication with control device 210. In some implementations, headunit 230 may receive the request via user input (e.g., via interactionwith a button, a touch screen, etc.). Additionally, or alternatively,head unit 230 may detect that user device 240 is available forcommunication with control device 210, and may provide an indicationthat head unit 230 may be used to facilitate the communication. In thiscase, head unit 230 may receive the request for the communication to beestablished as a response to the indication that head unit 230 may beused to facilitate the communication.

The request may include authorization information, in someimplementations. For example, head unit 230 may request and receiveinformation identifying user device 240 as being authorized to accessinformation associated with control device 210, by implementing aprocess such as a pairing process, a bonding process, an authenticationprocess, or the like.

The request may include information identifying a connection purpose, insome implementations. For example, user device 240 may request that headunit 230 establish a one-way connection for providing controlinformation to control device 210. Control information may refer toinformation identifying a configuration adjustment associated withcontrol device 210. For example, when control device 210 is associatedwith controlling automatic gear shifting, control information mayinclude an indication of the revolutions per minute at which gearshifting is to occur. Additionally, or alternatively, user device 240may indicate that head unit 230 is to establish one-way communicationsfor providing feedback information from control device 210. Feedbackinformation may include information identifying a state of controldevice 210, such as diagnostic information, sensor data, sensorinformation, or the like. For example, user device 240 may indicate thathead unit 230 is to establish communication for forwarding diagnosticmessages to user device 240. Additionally, or alternatively, user device240 may indicate that head unit 230 is to establish two-waycommunications (e.g., for providing control information to and/orreceiving feedback information from control device 210).

The request may include information identifying a particular controldevice 210. For example, head unit 230 may provide informationidentifying multiple detected control devices 210, and may receiveinformation from user device 240 selecting one or more of the multipledetected control devices 210. In some implementations, user device 240may indicate that user device 240 is to be in communication with allcontrol devices 210 (e.g., that communication is to be made to VCN 220for distribution to all control devices 210 associated with VCN 220). Insome implementations, the request may include a PID request message.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include determining acommunication protocol associated with the vehicle communication network(block 420). For example, head unit 230 may determine the communicationprotocol being used by VCN 220. A communication protocol may refer toone or more digital rules for message exchange with control device 210via VCN 220, such as a message format rule (e.g., a connector pin usageconfiguration, a voltage interpretation configuration, a message lengthlimit, a transmission mode configuration, etc.), a messageinterpretation rule (e.g., an identification of one or more messagecodes used to request and interpret information, such as a code forrequesting fuel system status, a code for providing a value for a fuelpressure, etc.), or the like. For example, VCN 220 may utilize SAE 1979,SAE J1850 PWM, SAE J1850 VPW, ISO 9141-2, ISO 14230 KWP 2000, ISO 15765CAN, etc. In some implementations, head unit 230 may query controldevice 210, associated with VCN 220, to determine the communicationprotocol of VCN 220. Additionally, or alternatively, head unit 230 mayidentify the communication protocol associated with VCN 220 byretrieving stored information that identifies the communicationprotocol. Additionally, or alternatively, user device 240 may provideinformation that identifies the communication protocol. For example, auser of user device 240 may select a vehicle model using user device240, and user device 240 may determine (e.g., based on storedinformation, based on querying telematics monitoring device 260 vianetwork 250, etc.) the communication protocol used by VCN 220 associatedwith the vehicle model.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include receivinginformation associated with establishing communication using thecommunication protocol (block 430). For example, head unit 230 mayreceive information, from user device 240, associated with establishingcommunication using the communication protocol. In some implementations,user device 240 may provide information associated with translatingmessages from a format used by user device 240 to the communicationprotocol associated with VCN 220. For example, user device 240 mayprovide a data structure storing parameter identifications (parameterIDs) that are used by control devices 210 associated with VCN 220. Thedata structure may be used by head unit 230 in identifying messages tobe forwarded to user device 240, in interpreting the messages, intranslating the interpreted message into a format that may be sent via acommunication link to user device 240, etc.

User device 240 may provide information instructing head unit 230 as tohow to communicate with VCN 220, in some implementations. For example,head unit 230 may be configured to communicate with audio equipment onVCN 220, but not with another control device 210 (e.g., an alarm system,a TCU, etc.). In this case, user device 240 may provide informationidentifying the message format rule and/or the message interpretationrule associated with communicating with the other control device 210 towhich user device 240 intends to provide messages and/or from which userdevice 240 intends to receive messages.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include adjusting acommunication configuration, based on the received information, toestablish communication using the communication protocol (block 440).For example, head unit 230 may establish communication using thecommunication protocol, based on information received from user device240. The communication configuration may refer to a message format ruleused by head unit 240 to communicate over VCN 220, a messageinterpretation rule used by head unit 240 to process messages receivedfrom and/or transmitted to VCN 220, a message filtering configurationassociated with forwarding messages to user device 240, or the like. Insome implementations, head unit 230 may configure a communicationinterface to establish communication with control devices 210 via VCN220. Additionally, or alternatively, head unit 230 may configure acommunication interface (e.g., a different communication interface, thesame communication interface, etc.) to establish communication with userdevice 240.

Establishing communication may include providing confirmation thatcommunication has been established, in some implementations. Forexample, head unit 230 may provide information to user device 240informing user device 240 that communication has been established withVCN 220. In this case, the provided information may include informationidentifying control devices 210. Additionally, or alternatively, theprovided information may include information associated withcommunicating with control device 210 via head unit 230. For example,head unit 230 may provide information identifying a rate at whichmessages may be forwarded to control device 210, a message length formessages to control device 210, etc. In some implementations, providinginformation that communication has been established may includeinforming control device 210 that communication has been establishedwith user device 240. For example, head unit 230 may provide informationto control device 210 that indicates that messages may be transmitted touser device 240. Such communication with control devices 210 may occurover a short range wireless link between one or more of control devices210 and user device 240. Additionally, or alternatively, a vehicle's ECUmay act as an interface between a particular control device 210 and userdevice 240.

In some implementations, establishing communication may includeproviding a PID request message (or a translated PID request message),received from user device 240, to one or more control devices 210 (e.g.,via a vehicle bus of VCN 220).

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 may include forwarding messagesbetween the user device and the control device based on establishingcommunication using the communication protocol (block 450). For example,head unit 230 may forward messages between control device 210 and userdevice 240. In some implementations, head unit 230 may receive messagesfrom one of control device 210 or user device 240 and provide themessages to the other of control device 210 or user device 240. Forexample, user device 240 may transmit a request to be provideddiagnostic information associated with control device 210, and head unit230 may receive the request via Bluetooth and re-transmit the requestvia VCN 220. In some implementations, forwarding messages may includeprocessing the messages. For example, head unit 230 may receive amessage from control device 210, and may process the message into aformat that may be received by user device 240.

In some implementations, user device 240 may transmit a parameteridentifier (PID) request message to head unit 230. A PID request messagemay refer to a message that includes a parameter identifier (e.g., aPID). A PID may refer to a code used to request information from avehicle (e.g., control device 210), such as a request for informationthat represents a vehicle performance parameter. For example, a PID maybe defined using SAE standard J1979. Head unit 230 may receive the PIDrequest message from user device 240, and may transmit the PID requestmessage (and/or a portion of the PID request message required toinitiate a response to the PID request message) to one or more controlsdevices 210 over the vehicle bus (e.g., VCN 220).

In some implementations, head unit 230 may transmit (e.g., may forward)the PID request message over the vehicle bus, and every control device210 connected to the vehicle bus may receive the PID request message. Aparticular control device 210 that receives the PID request message maydetermine that the particular control device 210 is responsible forresponding to the PID request message, and may provide a responsemessage, via the vehicle bus, to head unit 230. Control device 210 maydetermine information to include in the response message based on a codeincluded in the PID request message. Head unit 230 may transmit (e.g.,may forward) the response message (and/or a portion of the responsemessage requested by user device 210) to user device 210.

Forwarding messages may include filtering messages by head unit 230, insome implementations. For example, user device 240 may provideinformation to head unit 230 identifying one or more message types thatuser device 240 intends to receive (e.g., a diagnostic message type, acontrol message type, etc.). In this case, head unit 230 may receive amessage from control device 210, may determine the message typeassociated with the message, and may selectively forward the messagebased on the message type and the information identifying the one ormore message types that user device 240 intends to receive.

Head unit 230 may provide a message for display, in someimplementations. For example, head unit 230 may receive user inputindicating a type of message that is to be displayed (such as an engineoperation notification), and may display the indicated type of messagewhen the indicated type of message is received for forwarding. In someimplementations, user device 240 may not receive information whenmessages have not been sent for a threshold period of time, and/or whencontrol device 210 feedback has not changed by a threshold quantity fora threshold period of time. For example, when the vehicle is turned off,user device 240 may stop receiving information from control device 210.In this case, head unit 230 may alert user device 240 when head unit 230detects a change to the engine state (e.g., the car being turned on), sothat user device 240 may resume receiving information.

Head unit 230 may forward messages between control device 210 andtelematics monitoring device 260, in some implementations. For example,head unit 230 may utilize the connection with user device 240 tocommunicate with telematics monitoring device 260 via network 250. Insome implementations, telematics monitoring device 260 may requestinformation from control device 210 for processing, storage, analysis,or the like.

Telematics monitoring device 260 may provide control information tocontrol device 210, in some implementations. For example, telematicsmonitoring device 260 may receive information identifying a newconfiguration for control device 210 (e.g., a different configuration ofcontrol device 210 than a current configuration of control device 210).In this case, instead of recalling the vehicle (e.g., requiring that thevehicle be brought to a repair shop to configure control device 210),telematics monitoring device 260 may provide the new configuration touser device 240, and user device 240 may provide the new configurationto control device 210 via head unit 230.

Head unit 230 may validate that an entire message has been transmittedbefore forwarding the message, in some implementations. For example,when receiving a software update to be forwarded from user device 240 tocontrol device 210, head unit 230 may store the message, and may confirmthat the entire message has been stored before forwarding the message.In this way, head unit 230 may avoid forwarding unusable, partialsoftware code. In some implementations, control device 210 may confirmthe new configuration by providing information to user device 240 viahead unit 230, and user device 240 may provide the confirmationinformation to telematics monitoring device 260.

In some implementations, user device 240 may provide a user interface(e.g., via an application running on user device 240) that permits auser to provide information that determines a type of message and/orcontent of a message to be sent to control device 210 via head unit 230.For example, user device 240 may receive user input selecting one ormore driving parameters that may affect an insurance score therepresents a level of risk and/or a price of an insurance policy. Theuser may interact with user device 240 to indicate driving parameters tomonitor. By selecting particular driving parameters, other (e.g.,non-selected) driving parameters may be excluded from determining theinsurance score. An insurance provider may determine a price of theinsurance policy based on the selected driving parameter. For example, adriver that selects fewer driving parameters to monitor may be assignedan insurance policy with a price that is higher than a driver thatselects more driving parameters to monitor. Additionally, oralternatively, user device 240 may receive information (e.g., from aserver associated with an insurance provider) that indicates one or moredriving parameters to be monitored. In some implementations, the usermay not be permitted to select or de-select driving parameters tomonitor, as a third party may utilize the indicated driving parametersto provide, for example, an insurance premium to a user associated withuser device 240.

As an example, a user may not want the user's location to be monitored(e.g., during a particular period of time). Additionally, oralternatively, the user may not want the user's engine performanceparameters to be monitored (e.g., during a particular time period).Thus, the user may not select (e.g., using user device 240) locationand/or engine performance parameters, and those parameters may not beretrieved by user device 240 through head unit 230 (e.g., user device240 may not request the parameters from control device 210 via head unit230, head unit 230 may determine not to request the parameters fromcontrol device 210 based on a message received from user device 240,etc.). Although user device 240, such as a smart phone, may includelocation determining capabilities and thus may not require retrievalfrom the vehicle before forwarding to an insurance provider (or anotherentity having an interest in the user's driver parameters), the user maynevertheless select retrieval of location information from the vehicleto avoid depleting a battery of user device 240 for operating locationcircuitry.

Additionally, or alternatively, user device 240 may (e.g., via anapplication running on user device 240) compute a driver score, a riskfactor, and/or an insurance rating factor based on monitored drivingparameters, vehicle data, and/or vehicle performance data beforetransmitting the driver score, the risk factor, and/or the insurancerating factor to a third party device (e.g., a device associated with athird party). The third party device may include, for example, a serverassociated with an insurance provider, a server associated with aninsurance broker, a server associated with an entity that accepts bidsfrom insurance providers based on the user's driver score, risk factor,and/or insurance rating factor, or the like. In some implementations,user device 240 may receive input (e.g., from a user) that causes userdevice 240 to instruct head unit 230 to output monitored vehicle dataand/or performance data to a connection port, such as a USB port, sothat that the data may be stored on a memory device inserted intoconnection port. This may allow the user may transfer the stored dataand information to another device, such as a personal computer, andtransmit the stored data to the third party using the personal computer,or similar device.

In this way, a head unit may utilize a connection with a vehiclecommunication network to forward messages between a user device and acontrol device, thereby obviating the need for connection through anOBD-II port.

Although FIG. 4 shows example blocks of process 400, in someimplementations, process 400 may include additional blocks, differentblocks, fewer blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depictedin FIG. 4. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks ofprocess 400 may be performed in parallel.

FIGS. 5A-5E are diagrams of an example implementation 500 relating toprocess 400 shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 5A, a vehicle may includecontrol device 210-1, control device 210-2, and head unit 230. Controldevice 210-1, control device 210-2, and head unit 230 may connect viaVCN 220 (e.g., a vehicle bus). As shown by reference number 510, whenuser device 240 enters, comes close to, or is otherwise proximate to thevehicle (e.g., is placed inside the vehicle by a user, enterscommunication range with head unit 230, etc.) and/or when the vehicle isstarted, head unit 230 detects user device 240 (e.g., detects aBluetooth signal from user device 240), connects to user device 240, andalerts user device 240, via the Bluetooth connection, that communicationmay be established between user device 240 and control devices 210-1 and210-2.

As shown in FIG. 5B, and by reference number 520, user device 240requests, via the Bluetooth connection, that communication beestablished with one or more available control devices, such as controlsdevices 210-1 and 210-2 (e.g., an engine control unit). As shown byreference number 530, head unit 230 detects a communication protocolassociated with VCN 220. In this case, head unit 230 detects a CAN Busprotocol (e.g., ISO 15765 CAN), and configures a parameter to receivemessages from control devices 210-1 and 210-2 sent over VCN 220 usingthe CAN Bus protocol.

As shown in FIG. 5C, and by reference number 540, head unit 230establishes communication between user device 240 (e.g., via a Bluetoothinterface) and control devices 210-1 and 210-2 (e.g., via VCN 220). Headunit 230 provides information to user device 240 confirming that aconnection has been established with control devices 210-1 and 210-2,and waits for messages to be forwarded between user device 240 andcontrol devices 210-1 and 210-2.

As shown in FIG. 5D, and by reference number 550, user device 240requests a status from all control devices (e.g., from control devices210-1 and 210-2). For example, user device 240 may transmit a PIDrequest message to head unit 230. As shown by reference number 560, headunit 230 forwards the PID request message to VCN 220, where the PIDrequest message is received by control device 210-1 and control device210-2.

As shown in FIG. 5E, control device 210-1 and control device 210-2provide status messages 570 (e.g., one or more response messages, suchas a “Driver Door Status” message and an “Engine Status” message). Headunit 230 receives messages 570 and, as shown by reference number 580,forwards messages 570 to user device 240. As shown by reference number590, user device 240 receives messages 570 (e.g., responses to thestatus request), and provides messages 570 to telematics monitoringdevice 260 for storage and processing.

As indicated above, FIGS. 5A-5E are provided merely as an example. Otherexamples are possible and may differ from what was described with regardto FIGS. 5A-5E.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of an example call flow 600 for providingcommunication between a user device and a vehicle control device via ahead unit.

As shown by reference number 605, call flow 600 may includetransmitting, by a user device 240 and to a telematics monitoring device260, a request for a telematics application (e.g., a mobile applicationfor communicating with a control device 210 via a head unit 230). Therequest for the telematics application may include informationidentifying a particular VCN 220 over which user device 240 is tocommunicate with control device 210 (e.g., based on a particular vehiclemake and/or model).

As shown by reference number 610, call flow 600 may includetransmitting, by telematics monitoring device 260 and to user device240, the telematics application (e.g., via network 250). The telematicsapplication may include information to be used in configuring messagesbased on the particular vehicle associated with control device 210. Forexample, the telematics application may include information associatedwith interpreting messages sent by control device 210 via VCN 220.

As shown by reference number 615, call flow 600 may includetransmitting, by user device 240 and to head unit 230, a request forcommunication to be established with control device 210. The request mayinclude information stored by the telematics application that may beused by head unit 230 in adjusting a communication configuration toestablish the communication.

As shown by reference number 620, call flow 600 may includeestablishing, by head unit 230, communication between user device 240and control device 210. For example, head unit 230 may configure aBluetooth interface with user device 240 to send and receive messageswith user device 240, and may configure a VCN interface to send andreceive messages with control device 210 (e.g., via VCN 220). Head unit230 may utilize information, provided by user device 240 from theapplication, to configure translation of parameter IDs received fromcontrol device 210 to a format compatible with the Bluetooth interface.

As shown by reference number 625, call flow 600 may includetransmitting, by head unit 230 and to user device 240, confirmation thatthe communication connection has been established. For example, headunit 230 may transmit information identifying control device 210 to userdevice 240, and may transmit information indicating that messages may betransmitted to control device 210 (e.g., via head unit 230).

As shown by reference number 630, call flow 600 may includetransmitting, by user device 240 and to head unit 230, a request forengine status from control device 210. For example, user device 240 maytransmit a message for head unit 230 to forward to control device 210that instructs control device 210 to respond with the status of a sensorassociated with control device 210 and/or data corresponding to amonitored aspect associated with control device 210 (e.g., an enginesensor, such as an engine temperature sensor, an engine fuel-pressuresensor, or the like).

As shown by reference number 635, call flow 600 may include forwarding,by head unit 230 and to control device 210, the engine status request(e.g., via VCN 220). For example, head unit 230 may determine aparameter ID associated with requesting the status of the sensorassociated with control device 210, and may transmit the parameter IDvia VCN 220.

As shown by reference number 640, call flow 600 may includetransmitting, by control device 210 and to head unit 230, a response tothe engine status request (e.g., information identifying an enginestatus). For example, control device 210 may receive the parameter IDindicating that control device 210 is to provide the status of thesensor. In this case, control device 210 may determine the status of thesensor, may determine another parameter ID associated with providing thestatus of the sensor, and may transmit the other parameter ID.

As shown by reference number 645, call flow 600 may include forwarding,by head unit 230 and to user device 240, the response to the enginestatus request. For example, head unit 230 may receive the otherparameter ID (e.g., via VCN 220), and may determine that the otherparameter ID indicates a message, from control device 210, that is to beforwarded to user device 240. In this case, head unit 230 may translatethe other parameter ID into a format capable of being received by userdevice 240, and may transmit the translated message.

As shown by reference number 650, call flow 600 may include forwarding,by user device 240 and to telematics monitoring device 260, the responseto the engine status request. For example, user device 240 maydetermine, based on receiving the translated message from head unit 230,that the message indicates an obsolete engine configuration, and mayforward the message to telematics monitoring device 260 (e.g., vianetwork 250) for processing.

As shown by reference number 655, call flow 600 may include determining,by telematics monitoring device 260, an update to control device 210.Telematics monitoring device 260 may analyze the response to the enginestatus request to determine a current engine performance value.Telematics monitoring device 260 may determine, based on the currentengine performance value, that improved performance is to be achieved byan updated configuration for control device 210 (e.g., a change to aparameter used by control device 210 in controlling the vehicle engine,such as a fuel pressure change, a fuel injection rate change, a fuel-airmixture change, etc.).

As shown by reference number 660, call flow 600 may includetransmitting, by telematics monitoring device 260 and to user device240, an engine update based on determining that improved performance isto be achieved by an updated configuration for control device 210. Forexample, telematics monitoring device 260 may create a message thatincludes the updated configuration for control device 210, and maytransmit the message to user device 240.

As shown by reference number 665, call flow 600 may include forwarding,by user device 240 and to head unit 230, the engine update. For example,user device 240 may receive the message from telematics monitoringdevice 260, and may determine that the message includes an updatedconfiguration for control device 210. In this case, user device 240 mayforward the message to head unit 230 for further forwarding to controldevice 210.

As shown by reference number 670, call flow 600 may include forwarding,by head unit 230 and to control device 210, the engine update. Controldevice 210 may adjust a configuration based on the engine update, andmay improve engine performance based on adjusting the configuration.

As indicated above, FIG. 6 is provided merely as an example. Otherexamples are possible and may differ from what was described with regardto FIG. 6.

Implementations described herein may allow a head unit to establish acommunication connection between a user device (e.g., a mobile phone)and a control device associated with a vehicle communication networkwithout the user device connecting to an inconveniently located OBD-IIport. Furthermore, a telematics monitoring device may communicate withthe control device via a network connection with the user device and thecommunication connection between the user device and the control device.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the implementations to theprecise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible inlight of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of theimplementations.

As used herein, the term component is intended to be broadly construedas hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software.

Some implementations are described herein in conjunction withthresholds. As used herein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a valuebeing greater than the threshold, more than the threshold, higher thanthe threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than thethreshold, fewer than the threshold, lower than the threshold, less thanor equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, etc.

It will be apparent that systems and/or methods, as described herein,may be implemented in many different forms of software, firmware, andhardware in the implementations illustrated in the figures. The actualsoftware code or specialized control hardware used to implement thesesystems and/or methods is not limiting of the implementations. Thus, theoperation and behavior of the systems and/or methods were describedwithout reference to the specific software code—it being understood thatsoftware and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and/ormethods based on the description herein.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are notintended to limit the disclosure of possible implementations. In fact,many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recitedin the claims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although eachdependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, thedisclosure of possible implementations includes each dependent claim incombination with every other claim in the claim set.

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed ascritical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as usedherein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or moreitems, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where onlyone item is intended, the term “one” or similar language is used.Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least inpart, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.

What is claimed is:
 1. A head unit, comprising: one or more processorsto: receive a request, from a user device, to establish communicationwith one or more control devices of a vehicle, the one or more controldevices being in communication with the head unit via a vehiclecommunication network associated with the vehicle; establishcommunication between the user device and the one or more controldevices based on the received request; and forward a message between theuser device and the one or more control devices based on the establishedcommunication, the message being forwarded between the user device andthe one or more control devices via the head unit.
 2. The head unit ofclaim 1, where the message being forwarded between the user device andthe control device via the head unit includes a parameter identifier(PID) request message.
 3. The head unit of claim 2, where the PIDrequest message includes a request for information associated withperformance of the vehicle.
 4. The head unit of claim 1, where the oneor more processors, when establishing communication between the userdevice and the one or more control devices, are further to: establishcommunication with the user device via a wireless interface; establishcommunication with the one or more control devices via the vehiclecommunication network, the communication with the one or more controldevices via the vehicle communication network being established using awired connection; and where the one or more processors, when forwardingthe message between the user device and the one or more control devices,are further to: receive the message from the user device via thewireless interface; and forward the message to the one or more controldevices via the vehicle communication network.
 5. The head unit of claim1, where the one or more processors are further to: receiveconfiguration information from the user device, the configurationinformation identifying a message format associated with the vehiclecommunication network, the vehicle communication network being a networkover which the message is to be transmitted to the one or more controldevices; and where the one or more processors, when establishingcommunication between the user device and the one or more controldevices, are further to: establish communication between the user deviceand the one or more control devices based on the received configurationinformation.
 6. The head unit of claim 1, where the one or moreprocessors are further to: receive information associated withconfiguring the head unit to establish communication between the userdevice and the one or more control devices; and where the one or moreprocessors, when establishing communication between the user device andthe one or more control devices, are further to: establish communicationbetween the user device and the one or more control devices based onreceiving the information associated with configuring the head unit. 7.The head unit of claim 1, where the one or more processors are furtherto: receive connection information, from the user device, indicatingthat communication is to be established between the user device and theone or more control devices when the user device is detected inproximity to the head unit; store the connection information indicatingthat communication is to be established; detect that the user device isin proximity to the head unit; and where the one or more processors,when establishing communication between the user device and the one ormore control devices, are further to: establish communication betweenthe user device and the one or more control devices based on the storedconnection information and further based on detecting that the userdevice is in proximity to the head unit.
 8. A computer-readable mediumstoring instructions, the instructions comprising: one or moreinstructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause theone or more processors to: receive, via a wireless network, a request toestablish communication between a user device and a control deviceassociated with a vehicle, the control device being associated with avehicle communication network of the vehicle; establish communicationbetween the user device and the control device based on the receivedrequest; and forward a response message, received from the controldevice via the vehicle communication network, to the user device, viathe wireless network, based on establishing the communication.
 9. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 8, where the request includes aparameter identifier that identifies a parameter associated with thevehicle.
 10. The computer-readable medium of claim 9, where the one ormore instructions, that cause the one or more processors to establishcommunication between the user device and the control device, furthercause the one or more processors to: provide the parameter identifier tothe control device via the vehicle communication network.
 11. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 10, where the one or moreinstructions, that cause the one or more processors to forward theresponse message to the user device, further cause the one or moreprocessors to: receive the response message from the control device viathe vehicle communication network based on providing the parameteridentifier to the control device; and forward the received responsemessage to the user device via the wireless network.
 12. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 8, where the one or more instructions,when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one ormore processors to: receive the response message via a wired connectionassociated with the vehicle communication network; and where the one ormore instructions, that cause the one or more processors to forward theresponse message, further cause the one or more processors to: forwardthe message based on receiving the response message via the wiredconnection.
 13. The computer-readable medium of claim 8, where the oneor more instructions, when executed by the one or more processors,further cause the one or more processors to: identify the controldevice; provide information identifying the control device to the userdevice; receive information indicating that the user device intends tobe forwarded the response message from the control device based on theinformation identifying the control device; and where the one or moreinstructions, that cause the one or more processors to forward theresponse message, further cause the one or more processors to: forwardthe response message based on the information indicating that the userdevice intends to be forwarded the response message from the controldevice.
 14. The computer-readable medium of claim 8, where the one ormore instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, furthercause the one or more processors to: receive a parameter identifier fromthe user device via the wireless network; provide the parameteridentifier to the control device via the vehicle communication network;receive the response message from the control device, via the vehiclecommunication network, based on providing the parameter identifier tothe control device; and where the one or more instructions, that causethe one or more processors to forward the response message to the userdevice, further cause the one or more processors to: forward theresponse message to the user device based on receiving the responsemessage from the control device.
 15. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 8, where the one or more instructions, when executed by the one ormore processors, further cause the one or more processors to: determinethat the user device is within a wireless communication range of a headunit of the vehicle; and where the one or more instructions, that causethe one or more processors to establish communication between the userdevice and the control device, further cause the one or more processorsto: establish communication between the user device and the controldevice based on determining that the user device is within the wirelesscommunication range of the head unit.
 16. A method, comprising:receiving, by a head unit of a vehicle, a request to establishcommunication with one or more control devices, associated with avehicle communication network of the vehicle, and with a user device;establishing, by the head unit, communication between the user deviceand the one or more control devices based on the received request toestablish communication; receiving, by the head unit, a message in afirst format based on the established communication; translating, by thehead unit, the message from the first format to a second format; anddelivering, by the head unit, the message in the second format.
 17. Themethod of claim 16, where the message in the first format includes oneof: a parameter identifier (PID) request message, or a response message,the response message being in response to the PID request message; andwhere the message in the second format includes the other of: the PIDrequest message, or the response message.
 18. The method of claim 16,further comprising: receiving information associated with updating aparameter of a particular control device, of the one or more controldevices, from a telematics monitoring device and via the user device,the telematics monitoring device being connected to the user device viaa network; and where delivering the message further comprises:delivering the information associated with updating the parameter to theparticular control device; determining that the delivered informationassociated with updating the parameter was received by the particularcontrol device; and providing, to the telematics monitoring device andvia the user device, confirmation that the information associated withupdating the parameter was received by the particular control devicebased on determining that the delivered information associated withupdating the parameter was received by the particular control device.19. The method of claim 16, further comprising: determining that theuser device is connected to the head unit via a wired connection;determining that the user device is capable of having communicationestablished with the one or more control devices; and where receivingthe request to establish communication further comprises: receiving therequest based on determining that the user device is connected to thehead unit via a wired connection; and where receiving the message ordelivering the message further comprises: receiving the message ordelivering the message using the wired connection.
 20. The method ofclaim 16, where receiving the message in the first format furthercomprises: receiving the message from the user device; determining,based on the first format, that the message is intended for a particularcontrol device of the one or more control devices; determining arecipient indicator, associated with the second message format, therecipient indicator indicating that the particular control device, ofthe one or more control devices, is to receive the message and thatother control devices, of the one or more control devices, are not toreceive the message; and where translating the message from the firstformat to the second format further comprises: processing the message toinclude the recipient indicator; and where delivering the message in thesecond format further comprises: delivering the processed message to theparticular control device.